The Song of the Mountains

verse VIII – the beatitudes – matthew 5:1-12

Purity of heart in the messianic life is evidence of the working of the Lord in us. His power to heal the old and current hurts, the frustrations, and the anger that so often leads to bitterness. When we can relate to others, and respond with loving-action absent of bitterness, we are beginning to mature in faith as a direct result of this internal cleansing, as Messiah’s use of the adjective “pure” signifies this change in our condition.  

A peacemaker develops from a place of purity, as we read, “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.” 

Immediately, we notice the identification of peacemakers as “sons of God;” a designation that implies likeness, similarity and relationship to Him. The pure in heart, of the previous beatitude, will see God; but the peacemaker will be called a “son” or “child” of God. The privilege, the blessing, and the joy of such a relationship – to be recognized as a child of the Most High. To see and experience God as Father indicates a restoration of relationship between humanity and the covenant Lord – an Edenic return. Further, it indicates that the child trusts their Father as the supplier of their needs (Phil. 4:19).  

Peace – shalom.

שָׁלוֹם, shalom, is a masculine noun meaning “completeness, soundness, welfare, wholeness and peace.” It comes from the verb root שָׁלַם meaning to make “amends, repair, make safe, repay,” demonstrating actions that heal or repair or keep safe human life and relationships. These definitions will help us to conceptualize what it is to be a “peacemaker.”

In the Hebrew Scriptures, Gideon calls upon the name of “Jehovah Shalom,” meaning “the Lord of peace,” when he offered sacrifice (Judges 6:24); and one of the messianic titles of Messiah Yeshua/Jesus prophesied in the Hebrew Scriptures is שַׂר־שָׁלֹֽום, “Prince of Peace.” These examples speak of and point to the Lord as repairer, healer, restorer – and expectation of Who He is, and what He has done and will do.  

The Lord sent His Son, Yeshua, to reconcile man to Himself (Isa. 53). As the apostle Paul explains, “that is, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not imputing their trespasses to them, and has committed to us the word of reconciliation” (II Cor. 5:19).

Yeshua cries out to all in need of shalom – repair, healing, hope, wellness and peace – as He says, “Come to Me, all you who labor and are burdened, and I shall give you rest. Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am meek and humble in heart, and you shall find rest for your souls. For My yoke is gentle and My burden is light” (Matt. 11:28-30). Yeshua, as the peacemaker of peacemakers, will provide what the human heart truly desires – peace. 

Reconciliation. 

Followers of Messiah have been entrusted with the “word of reconciliation,” to proclaim the message of Yeshua, and the peace that comes by faith in Him. Nevertheless, to be a peacemaker – a repairer, a supplier, a provider, an eye-dryer – is not easy; and in the messianic faith, according to how Yeshua teaches this in the beatitudes, before we can be peacemakers, we must first be humble, faithful, merciful and pure in heart.  

To be a peacemaker, we must have some objectivity about who we are apart from the Lord and who we are in Him. The agape-love skill set is therefore based upon a higher and wider perspective than our natural condition allows for. It places the self at the end of the list of priorities. It places godly concern for others ahead of concern for self. Because, to be a peacemaker is to be a healer in every sense of the word – to mend what has been rent. The peacemaker experiences a delight in their heart at the sight of what is holy, right and good being restored in people’s lives – and I acknowledge the broadness of that statement – but broad is the definition of the peacemaker, as broad and diverse as humanity itself. 

To be or not to be.   

In order to be a peacemaker, you must first be at peace yourself – you must be whole in Messiah. I cannot recount the number of times, as a shepherd, that I have been asked to serve as a mediator between parties only to have one or both parties attempt to make me part of the argument – especially in marital counseling, an easy snare of be caught by. Without peace in our hearts and a firm control over our own bitterness/anger, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to be a peacemaker – you cannot make someone whole when you yourself are broken, as you are drawn in by that brokenness. 

In Matthew 5:23-26, which we will consider in more depth later, Yeshua stresses the importance of wholeness and peace in the human relationship. Before you bring sacrifice – or song in a contemporary sense – be reconciled to the one who is carrying a grudge against you. I admit the potential complexity of such a direction. In some cases this type of reconciliation is simply not possible, but as much as depends on us, we should make every attempt to make whole a broken relationship. Making peace may involve us to take an active role or a passive role.

Active or passive? 

In this text, the one who remembered that a brother had something against him took an active role to make peace before he offered his gift to the Lord. The one who had the issue was in the passive role, allowing, potentially, peace to be established. This harkens back to the meaning of שָׁלַם, in order to make peace, we often have to make people whole again. 

As a peacemaker there will be times when you take the active role to establish peace or the passive role to allow it to happen – but the underlying mechanism for peace remains the same. The ego must be set aside. Humility is the order of the day. We must be unselfish in participation – not demanding our own good be met first. Peace mends the broken shell of humanity by the donation of the power that once fueled the ego to anger and bitterness.   

Contrary to popular opinion, it takes great strength of character to set the ego aside and appear to be weak or vulnerable. Yet, this is exactly what Yeshua did – and what He expects us to do. He is our example. I pray we learn to imitate our Father in heaven and our Savior, Yeshua, by seeking peace in our homes, our congregations, and our communities. Amen. 

Shalom: be well – be whole – be complete – be repaired – and be a shalom-maker to those around you. 

The Song of the Mountains

verse II – the beatitudes – matthew 5:1-12

The Sermon on the Mount (Matthew chapter 5 – 7) has challenged, inspired and perplexed believers, non-believers, and scholars for nearly two millennia. Its meaning and purpose has been debated and argued over. Some have suggested that it is impossible to live, as a matter of practicality, these words of Yeshua/Jesus; but I greatly appreciate this view of Dr. Martyn Lloyd-Jones, former pastor of Westminster Chapel in London, “Our Lord taught these things, and He expects us to live them.” As difficult as some of these words might appear to be, with careful consideration of the culture, context and their linguistic textual base, we can make these words relevant to our lives today.  

This will be the primary focus of this aspect of the Song of the Mountains series (the other the being the Ten Commandments): practical application to the words of Messiah Yeshua as given in this, the greatest of all sermons. 

We begin by asking the question, “What led Yeshua to give such a teaching?”  

As we read in Matthew 5:1, Yeshua saw the multitudes following Him. Recorded earlier in Matthew’s Gospel, Yeshua traveled throughout the Galilee teaching of the Kingdom of God, and healing people of all afflictions (Matt. 4:24). As He did so, His reputation grew and word spread about this wonder working rabbi, and people began to follow Him – some out of curiosity, others seeking hope. Seeing them, He goes up on a mount, probably just north of Capernaum; and if tradition is correct, the setting of a natural amphitheater. 

Matthew provides very Jewish details to stress the importance of what Yeshua is about to say: He ascended “the mountain,” an allusion to Sinai; “He was seated,” rabbis always sat to teach; and “He opened His mouth,” signifying that what He was about to say is of extreme importance to those listening. 

Matthew then records the 107 verses of this sermon.      

Keeping this in mind, we can understand with a bit more clarity, why Yeshua begins this sermon the way He does. The sermon corrects not only commonly accepted interpretations of the Torah, both formal and informal traditions, it also corrects the hearts of those in covenant relationship with the Living God. What should be the character and conduct of the people of God? And after His ascension, what should be the character and conduct of the people of God empowered by the Holy Spirit?  

Yeshua, seeing so many beginning to follow Him, describes in great detail the cost of discipleship, in order that we give serious consideration to what it means to follow Him. As the great Christian theologian Dr. Dietrich Bonhoeffer wrote, “When Christ calls a man, he bids him come and die.” So to properly understand the Sermon on the Mount, we must recognize that to follow Messiah is to walk along the way of humbling; as Yeshua taught, “And whoever humbles himself will be exalted” (Matt. 23:12). 

We begin, therefore, with the Beatitudes. 

In Matthew 5:3 we read, “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.” Dr. N.T. Wright translates this accurately, but with a bit more contemporary language, “Blessings on the poor in spirit! The kingdom of heaven is yours.”

Each of the nine statements of the Beatitudes begin with the word “blessed.” Μακάριος, in the Greek means “happy, blessed, and fortunate;” as does the Hebrew אַשְׁרֵי which would have been spoken. The use of אַשְׁרֵי, is found not only in the teachings of Yeshua but also in the psalms, and rabbinic literature. “Blessed/happy/fortunate” also suggests “approval.” We understand the use of “blessed” in these opening statements of the Sermon on the Mount to be saying this, if I might paraphrase: “Happy are those who have been chosen, approved by God to be…poor in spirit…who mourn…who are meek…” etc. 

Often when we read “poor in spirit,” we wonder, “what on earth does this mean?” Yeshua, by speaking these three simple words, invites those of us who are broken, hopeless, helpless, empty or in despair to follow Him. He is giving value to our condition. Additionally, He is signifying the condition likely to develop in the lives of those who will follow Him.   

Some of us feel or have felt “poor in spirit” as believers during times of difficulty; but the experience of brokenness, of helplessness as described here by Yeshua is not a passing experience, rather, it is the very foundation of the messianic life that is ever with us – because it is from this foundation that the Lord God can and will help us, use us, reform us, and most importantly, save us. We never mature from brokenness before God. We might for a time experience other aspects of messianic living, but this brokenness is the hallmark of our calling by God. Therefore, Yeshua says “happy,” “approved,” are those who are “poor in spirit.”

This brokenness, or poverty of spirit is recognition that before the Lord God we have no power to bargain, or place from which we could bargain. But as we mature in faith, our brokenness becomes an acceptable sacrifice unto the Lord and the very foundation of our discipleship with Yeshua. As the psalmist wrote, “The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit, a broken and contrite heart – these, O God, You will not despise” (Ps. 51:17).

This poverty of spirit, brokenness before God ushers us into His Kingdom by faith in He who is above all – a Kingdom that is inhabitable, internal and that will be inherited because of Yeshua and the sufficiency of His grace.  

Before we move on to “those who mourn,” it is important for us to recognize that there is a sequence to the Beatitudes, as one prompts the next – and it is all of these working together in us that allows us to apply the words of Yeshua in our daily lives. Yeshua is not telling us to identify with a specific beatitude; rather, He is explaining how we should be – the nature of our character in faith.  

Let’s continue:

Matthew 5:4 reads, “Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.”

Theologian John Stott suggested that this might easily be translated as “Happy are the unhappy.” What we might want to ask ourselves is this, is Messiah Yeshua really speaking specifically of mourning, as in the loss of a loved one? I suggest not within this context, although certainly, those who mourn the loss of a loved one are comforted. 

Following the blessedness of the “poor in spirit,” this mourning is a sorrow or lament over our condition. “Mourning,” πενθέω, in the Greek, is a grief or sorrow of the heart that causes us to weep. Mourning is the outward expression of our brokenness; brokenness that can no longer be hidden away but overflows in order to be comforted. 

We experience through the brokenness of spirit, a revelation of His holiness in His Kingdom, which causes us to recognize our condition as sinners and mourn. However, this goes one step further, past the mourning for our own condition – to mourning for the condition of humanity. 

Still, there is the promise of “comfort.” As Isaiah stood before the Lord in his great vision of Isaiah 6, he recognized his impurity, he then mourned but was comforted by the cleansing. Further, Isaiah records the consolation chapters of his prophecy from chapter 40 onward. 

It is important for us to recognize that Isaiah could have seen his condition, mourned and walked away; this would have been ineffectual suffering, rather than effectual suffering – the recognition that the trial or circumstance we face, even when it causes us to mourn, is from God. We are then comforted by the presence and work of God in our lives (Ro. 8:28-29). 

How are we comforted? By the παράκλητος, the Holy Spirit, the Comforter (Jn. 14:16) who walks along with us and reminds us that this trial is for the purpose of Heaven and that it will end. As Yeshua says in Luke 6:21, “Blessed are you who weep now, for you shall laugh.” 

I am sure that reading of poverty of spirit and mourning is not how many of us would like to spend our time. Yet, there is a profound message in this – As it was given by the Word made flesh! – that in our humbling, He is bringing us to Himself, as in His Kingdom, the only way up is down.

Shalom. Be well.